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Caelia (gens)
The ''gens Caelia'' or ''Coelia'' was a plebeian family at Rome. In manuscripts the ''nomen'' is usually written ''Caelius'', while on coins it generally occurs in the form of ''Coelius'' or ''Coilius'', though one coin has ''L. Caelius Tax.'' From the similarity of the names, ''Caelius'' is frequently confounded with ''Caecilius''. No members of the ''gens'' obtained the higher offices of the state till the beginning of the 1st century BC; the first who obtained the consulship was Gaius Caelius Caldus in 94 BC.〔''Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology'', William Smith, Editor.〕
==Origin of the gens==
The Caelia gens traced its origin to the Etruscan hero, Caeles Vibenna, in the time of the Roman kings. He and his brother, Aulus, were companions of "Mastarna", whose name appears to be an Etruscan rendering of the Latin ''magister'' (magistrate), and who has been identified with Servius Tullius, the sixth King of Rome.〔〔''Oxford Classical Dictionary'', 2nd Ed. (1970).〕
According to one tradition, the Vibennae had been taken prisoner by the Roman Gnaeus Tarquinius, but were freed by Mastarna, and with their allies defeated and killed Tarquinius. This Gnaeus Tarquinius may have been a son of Lucius Tarquinius Priscus, the fifth King of Rome, and the father of Lucius Tarquinius Superbus, the seventh and last King of Rome, said in some traditions to have been the grandson, and not the son, of the elder Tarquin.〔〔〔Titus Livius, ''Ab Urbe Condita'', 1. 46〕
The ''Mons Caelius'', or Caelian Hill, one of the famous seven hills upon which the city of Rome was built, is said to have been named after Caelius Vibenna, who settled there. It was formerly known as the ''Mons Querquetulanus'', the oak-covered hill, by which name it was occasionally called even in later times.〔〔〔Marcus Terentius Varro, ''De Lingua Latina libri XXV'', v. 46.〕
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